SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a cryptographic protocol developed in the mid-1990s to secure data transmitted over the Internet. Its successor, TLS (Transport Layer Security), is a more secure and updated version. Although people often use the term “SSL” out of habit, modern systems rely on TLS for establishing secure connections.

In essence, SSL/TLS ensures that when data is sent between a client (like your web browser) and a server (such as a banking website), it is encrypted and remains confidential, authentic, and intact.

1. Why SSL/TLS is Important

SSL/TLS plays a vital role in today’s digital landscape:

• Data Confidentiality: Encrypts data so that even if intercepted, it cannot be read without the proper decryption key.
• Data Integrity: Ensures that data is not altered during transit. Any tampering is detected.
• Authentication: Uses digital certificates to verify the identity of the server (and sometimes the client), so you know you’re communicating with the legitimate party.
• Trust and Compliance: Modern browsers and regulatory standards require secure connections (indicated by HTTPS) to protect sensitive user data, fostering trust and ensuring compliance.

2. How SSL/TLS Works