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Query Optimization and Anti-Patterns

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

10 min read

You can add all the right indexes and still end up with slow queries. The problem is rarely the index itself. It's how the query is written. A single function call in a WHERE clause, a mismatched data type, or a careless SELECT * can force the database to ignore your indexes entirely and fall back to a full table scan.

This chapter covers the most common anti-patterns that silently kill query performance, and the optimization techniques that fix them.

Sample Data

Insert these rows to follow along:

SQL

Create the indexes referenced throughout this chapter:

SQL

Anti-Pattern 1: Functions on Indexed Columns

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