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Database Migration Strategies
Last Updated: January 5, 2026
Ashish Pratap Singh
10 min read
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Database Migration Strategies
1. What is Database Migration?
2. Types of Database Migrations
2.1 Schema Migrations
2.2 Data Migrations
2.3 Platform Migrations
3. Migration Strategies
3.1 Big Bang Migration
3.2 Rolling Migration (Phased Migration)
3.3 Blue-Green Migration
3.4 Parallel Run (Shadow Migration)
3.5 Strangler Fig Migration
4. Zero-Downtime Migration Techniques
4.1 Online Schema Changes
4.2 Backward-Compatible Changes
4.3 Feature Flags
5. Data Migration Patterns
5.1 ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)
5.2 CDC (Change Data Capture)
5.3 Dual-Write Pattern
6. Handling Common Challenges
6.1 Large Table Migrations
6.2 Foreign Key Constraints
6.3 Handling Rollbacks
7. Migration Automation and Tools
7.1 Schema Migration Tools
7.2 Data Migration Tools
8. Best Practices
8.1 Planning
8.2 Testing
8.3 Execution
8.4 Common Pitfalls to Avoid
9. Real-World Case Studies
GitHub: Renaming the Master Branch Table
Stripe: Migrating Billions of API Objects
Shopify: Sharding a Monolithic Database
10. Summary
References
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