Fundamentals Interview Questions

What happens when you type a URL into a browser and press Enter?

What is the OSI model, and what are its seven layers?

What is the difference between the OSI model and the TCP/IP model?

What are encapsulation and decapsulation?

What is the difference between a segment, a datagram, a packet, and a frame?

What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

How does the TCP three-way handshake work, and why are three messages used?

What is the difference between an IP address and a MAC address?

What is the difference between a switch and a router?

What does DNS do when a browser loads a website?

What is a port, and how is a network connection identified?

What happens to a packet when it passes through a router?

What is MTU, and how do segmentation and fragmentation differ?

What is the difference between bandwidth, throughput, and latency?

What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN?

How are a LAN, a subnet, and a VLAN different?

How does a VPN work, and does every VPN encrypt traffic?

How would you troubleshoot a website that does not load?

What is a computer network, and what roles do protocols and network interface cards play?

How do PAN, LAN, MAN, and WAN networks differ?

What is network topology, and how do physical and logical topologies differ?