Design Object Storage (like S3)
Object storage is a data storage architecture that manages data as discrete units called objects, rather than as files in a hierarchy or blocks on a disk. Each object contains the data itself, metadata describing the object, and a unique identifier.
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Unlike traditional file systems that organize data in directories and subdirectories, object storage uses a flat namespace where every object is accessed via its unique key. This architecture enables massive scalability, as the system can store billions of objects without the limitations of hierarchical file systems.
Popular Examples: Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, Azure Blob Storage, MinIO
In this article, we will explore the high-level design of an object storage system like Amazon S3.
This system design problem tests your understanding of distributed storage, data durability, consistency models, and large-scale data management.
Let's start by clarifying the requirements: